Gramar Article

Article

*Article Kv‡K e‡j ? Article KZ cÖKvi I wK wK ?

Answer :- ‡KvbSentence  G  Noun Gi cwiPq kbv³ Ki‡Z  Article

 e¨eüZ nq | mvaviYZ Noun   Gi c~‡e©   Article  e‡m | A , An ,The  ‡K Article  e‡j |

Article `yB cÖKvi | h_v 1.Indefinite Article 2. Definite Article .

Indefinite Article :-    A , An ‡K Indefinite Article e‡j | hv Noun Gi cwiPq†K Awbw`©ó fv‡e cÖKvk K‡i |

Definite Article :- The  ‡K    Definite Article  e‡j | hv Noun Gi cwiPq†K wbw`©ó fv‡e cÖKvk K‡i |

Use of A and An:-

1. mvaviYZ Word Gi cÖ_‡g Consonant _vK‡j A e‡m |

2. Consonant _vKv m‡Ë¡ I Zv hw` Vowel Gi g‡Zv D”PvwiZ nq Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© A bv e‡m An e‡m |

3.msw¶ß k‡ãi cÖ_g A¶i Consonant n‡jI Zvi D”PviY hw` Vowel Gi g‡Zv nq  Z‡e Zvi c~‡e© A bv e‡m An e‡m |

4. Word Gi cÖ_‡g Vowel _vK‡j Zvi c~‡e© An e‡m |

5. Word Gi cÖ_‡g U _vK‡j Ges Gi D”PviY hw` ÔÔBD ÕÕ Gi g‡Zv nq Z‡e  An bv e‡m A e‡m |

6. Word Gi cÖ_‡g O _vK‡j Ges Gi D”PviY hw` ÔÔIqvÕÕ Gi g‡Zv nq Z‡e An bv e‡m A e‡m |

 7. Word Gi cÖ_‡g  Eu _vK‡j Ges Gi D”PviY hw` ÔÔBDÕÕ Gi g‡Zv nq Z‡e An bv e‡m A e‡m |

8. msL¨vevPK kã A_©vr Half,Couple, dozon, score, hundred, thousand, million Gi c~‡e© A e‡m |

9. Superlative ÔÔmost’’ Gi A_© hLb Very ev Lye Lywk eySvq ZLb The Gi RvqMvq A e‡m |

10.Avnv‡ii c~‡e© Adjective e¨eüZ n‡j Zvi c~‡e© A e‡m | 

Excrise:-

1. He helped ------man.

2. He is ----------honorable leader.

3. Our teacher is -------M.A.

4. He has -----axe.

5. He studies in --------university.

6. Please, give me ------one Taka.

7. The cow is -----useful animal.

8. Two and -----half kilogram rice is enough for our family.

9. We had ----- nice breakfast yesterday.

10.

Use of Definite Article : The

b`x, mvMi , ØxccyÄ          RvnvRvw`, wMwicyÄ RvwZ , m¤cÖ`vq,ag©MÖš’     ‡KvU©,wm‡bU I msev`cÎ, ZvwiL , ce©Z I w`‡Ki bvg            hZ Av‡Q L¨Z avg, P›`ª,m~h©, MÖn, Zviv             Av‡iv hZ wek¦aiv c„w_ex‡Z GKwU Av‡Q hZ   Zvi c~‡e© The em‡e ZZ|

1.------- Padma is a big river. 2.We crossed ----- Atlantic Ocean. 3.-----Bay of Bengal is to ----south of Bangladesh. 4.------Himalayas are to ------north of Bangladesh. 5.-------Sahara is a Desert. 6.------Andamans are a group of island. 7.----- Empire State Building is in New York City. 8.------ Awami League is a Political party. 9.Bangladesh is populated With ------ Muslims. 10.------- English are a brave nation . 11.------- Bangladeshis are hospitable. 12.-------- Titanic sank on her first voyage. 13.------- Boeing -747 arrived at ZIA. 14.---- Parabot Express reached Dhaka at 7.30 p.m 15.My mother Recites ------ Quran every morning. 16.------- Daily Star is a daily newspaper. 17.I Was born on ----- 15th  September in 1984.

‡hme †¶‡Î A/An e¨eüZ nq bv

1. Plural Noun Gi c~‡e© A /An e‡m bv |

Cows are useful.

Horses can run fast.

2. Abstract noun Gi c~‡e© A /An e‡m bv |

Honesty is the best policy.

Kindness is a great virtue.

3.wKQy Uncountable noun Gi c~‡e©  A/An e‡m bv |

 ‡hgb :-advice, information , news , baggage BZ¨vw` |

He gave me good advice.

The police could not provide correct information.

He gave me bed news.

4. Material noun Gi c~‡e© A /An e‡m bv | †hgb :-Water, milk, Iron, tea, paper, rice, gold, BZ¨vw` |

Milk is white.

Water has no color of its own.

Iron is very useful to us.

5. e³vi Avcb e¨vw³ A_©vr father , mother, baby BZ¨vw` eySv‡j  Zv‡`i c~‡e© A/An e‡m bv | 

I love mother.

Take care of your child.

6.‡Ljvi bv‡gi c~‡e© A/An e‡m bv |  

Cricket is a favourite game.

Football is played all over the world.

7. Ordinal number Gi c~‡e©  A/An e‡m bv |

I bought 10 pens.

8. Lvev‡ii mgq †hgb breakfast, lunch, dinner BZ¨vw`i c~‡e© A/An e‡m bv|

Today I had my breakfast in there house.

We have lunch at 2 p.m.

Gme RvqMvq k~b¨¯’vb _vK‡j †mLv‡b µm w`‡Z n‡e|

OMISSION OF ARTICLE (THE)

1. weL¨vZ MÖ‡š’i †¶‡Î ‡jL‡Ki bvg  MÖ‡š’i c~‡e© _vK‡j the e‡m bv |

2. bed ,mosque , church, hospital , prison, school ,collage, court BZ¨vw` ¯’vb¸‡jv hw` mvaviY A‡_© (primary purpose) e¨eüZ nq ev cwi`k©b Kiv nq ZLb G‡`i c~‡e© the e‡m bv |

3.iv¯’v , G¨wfby , ¯‹qvi , cv‡K©i bv‡gi c~‡e© the e‡m bv |

4. mvaviYZ Proper , Abstract ,Material , I  Plural common noun Gi   c~‡e© the e‡m bv |

5. Rank / Profession ( c`ex/ †ckv) common noun hLb †Kvb Proper noun i~‡c e¨eüZ nq ZLb Zvi c~‡e© the e‡m bv | 

6.fvlvi bv‡gi c~‡e© the e‡m bv |  

7. n«‡`i bv‡gi c~‡e© the e‡m bv |   

8. w`b ev gv‡mi bv‡gi c~‡e© the e‡m bv |    

9. ‡iv‡Mi bv‡gi  c~‡e© the e‡m bv |     

10. ‡Ljvi bv‡gi  c~‡e© the e‡m bv |      

11. Possessive Case –Gi c‡i †Kvb noun _vK‡j Zvi c~‡e© the e‡m bv |

*we:`ª:

1. Factitive Verb(               )  |‡hgb : nominate , elect , select , make, appoint, crown , choose , cÖf„wZ verb ¸‡jvi Complement Gi c~‡e© †Kvb article  e‡m bv |†hgb :  We made him Chairman .They elected me captain.  

   

2. Phrase   G e¨eüZ †Kvb †Kvb  Singular common noun Gi c~‡e© †Kvb article  e‡m bv |†hgb : learn by heart, take offence.

3.D‡j­wLZ †ivM ¸‡jvi Av‡M the e‡m | †hgb :The gout , the measles , the mumps .

4. ågY m¤úwK©Z hvbevnb ev ågY c‡_i c~‡e©†Kvb article  e‡m bv |†hgb : by bus , by train, by air . BZ¨vw` |   

  

*Exercise:-

1. Nazrlul,s Agnibina .             

2. He bought a shop in park street .

3.Iron is a useful metal .

4. Cows give us milk.

5. Dhaka is a populous city.

6. Vice – Chancellor of Jahangir Nagar university.

7.Was a scholar .

8.English is an international language .

9. Lake Baikal .

10.Lake Caspian.

11. He plays football. 12. It is my book.

*Exercise:- Set -1

*** Use articles where necessary. Put a cross (x) where an article is not needed.

1. Mr. Ahmad is--------M.P.

2. ---------Meghna fall into -------- Bay of Bengal.

3. --------------orange is a good fruit.

4. She is ------------- beauty

5. She reads ---------- Bangladesh Observer.

6. The king has --------- heir.

7. We should be kind to --------- poor.

8. ----------earlier ---------- better.

9. He is -----------M.B.B.S.

10. He is --------- B.A/ B.Sc /B. Com. /B.Ed.

11. He speaks English like ----------- English.

12. He looks like ---------- owl.

13. We have ----------breakfast at 7 o’clock.

14. How beautiful ----------- bird!

15. He will come on ------- 10^th of this month.

16. Speak -------- truth.

17. He is in ----- temper.

18. Make ---------- fire.

19. Never make ---------- noise in the class.

20. ---------- water has no color.

21. Who caught -------- most fish?

22. I met --------- one-eyed man in the street.

23. Give me--------- whole money.

24. There is ------------- university in comilla.

25. The snake bit him in ------- leg.

*Exercise:- Set -2

*** Use articles where necessary. Put a cross (x) where an article is not needed.

1.The population of country is (a) --an----asset, but it becomes (b) ---x---- problem when the country cannot afford to her people (c) -the---- basic needs of life. Bangladesh is (d) --a--- country having (e) --an--- area of about 1.44.000 square kilometers. So Bangladesh is (f) -a--- densely populated country. Still her population is increasing in (g) --an--- alarming rate .The present growth rate of (h) -the---- population in (i) --x--- Bangladesh is 21.6per 1000 people. It is obviously (j) --a--very high rate.

2. Jack-fruit which in Bangla known as Kanthal is (a) -the----- national fruit of (b)----x-- Bangladesh . It is (c) --the---- largest of all fruits in Bangladesh and it is abundantly grown in all(d) --x---    parts of (e)--the---  country .It is (f) --a--- seasonal fruit which usually ripens during (g)--the----- summer .(h) --the--- fruit has (i)---a--- prickly skin outside but it’s (j)---a---- tasty flakes are arranged inside.

3. Bangladesh is a (a) ---x--- land of rivers. It got freedom in (b) --x----1971 through a liberation war. It is located in south Asia. (c) x---- Dhaka is the capital of Bangladesh .Dhaka is also known as (d) -the-- city of mosques. About 14 core people live here. Most of them are poor and illiterate. They earn their livelihood by agriculture. But educated and skilled people work in offices and factories .Our main food is (e) --the---rice and fish. It is a country of beauty .Its flora and fauna attract (i) ---an----eyes. Bangladesh has six administrative divisions and 64 districts. It is, in fact, (f) -the------ large village.(h)--the--- people of Bangladesh are very hospitable. There are many beautiful things here that attract (i) --x--- travelers and tourists. The people of Bangladesh like to live (j) ----a--- conservative life.      

*Exercise: - Set -3

*** Use articles where necessary. Put a cross (x) where an article is not needed.

1. If some one wants to be (a) ----a----- good teacher, he must be having the qualities of (b) --an--- actor. His mast has (c) ---a------ clear voice so that he can draw (d) ---an-- attention of his audience and make (e) ---x---- meaning of his speech clear to them. (f) --an------- expert teacher uses his arms, hands and fingers to express his feelings so that (g) ----x---- students can understand his lectures. In (h) ----x---- fact, a good teacher shares (i) ---the----- qualities of (j) -----a-- good actor.

2.Once (a) ----the--- poet (b) -------- Wordsworth was wandering when he suddenly saw a great number of (c) --------- daffodils besides the lake. Stretching along (d) ------ shore of (e) --------- bay, they looked as in numbers as (f) -------stars in (g) --------- Milky way. (h)---- daffodils were fluttering and dancing so gaily in (i)--------- breeze that even (j)------- dancing waves  glittering in the sunshine seemed to pale in comparison .

3. (a) --------- leader of (b)--------robber become astonished .He said to (c) ---- boy. “ My boy why did you not tell (d) --------life?’’(e) --------- boy said . “ How can I tell (f) --------- lie?’’ When I left home , my mother , forbade me to tell (g) --------- lie. so I am speaking (h) --------- truth . Hearing this (i) -------- leader become astonished and give up (j) ---------- robbery .

(a)an

(b)x

(c)the

(d) a

(e)an

(f) a

(g)an

(h)the

(i) x 

(j) a

Answer  for                        article ------set -1	Answer  for                       article ------set -2	Answer  for                       article ------set -3
1. an 2. The. The 3. an 4. a 5. The 6. an 7. The 8. The. The  9. an 10. a 11. The 12. an   13. x 14. a 15. The  16. The   17. a 18. a 19. a 20.x 21.x 22.a 23. The 24.a 25.The	1. 2. 3.   4. 5. 6. 7.   8.    9.   10. 11.   12.     13. 14. 15.    16.    17.   18. 19.   20. 21. 22. 23.   24. 25.	1. 2. 3.   4. 5. 6. 7.   8.    9.   10.   11.   12.     13. 14. 15.    16.    17. 18. 19.   20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.